The Effects Of Stress On Alcohol Consumption - 2606 Words

The effects of stress on alcohol consumption since the start of nursing school Alcohol is chemically described as â€Å"a colorless, volatile, flammable liquid that is the intoxicating constituent of wine, beer, spirits and other drinks, and is also used as an industrial solvent and as fuel.† Humans have been making and consuming alcohol for at least 11,000 years (Brice, 2012). Alcohol is a central nervous system depressant, thought to enhance the action of GABA in the brain, an inhibitory transmitter (Lilley, Rainforth Collins, Snyder, 2014). As a CNS depressant, alcohol slows down reaction times and thought processes, slurs speech, can depress respirations, causes warm, flushed skin, hypotension, cause nausea, confusion, copious thirst and vomiting (Lilley, et al, 2014). In addition to these physiologic effects, the main recreational use of alcohol is for relaxation. Though it has no legitimate medical use when ingested, many people use it for its â€Å"therapeutic† effects (Lilley et al, 2014). Unfortunately, long term use can cause addiction, which can lead to nutrition and vitamin deficiencies, withdrawal seizures, cardiomyopathy, fetal alcohol syndrome, cirrhosis, and eventually liver failure (Lilley, et al, 2014). College students are a notable population that use alcohol simultaneously as a social lubricant and tension reliever. Factors such as peer pressure and academic anxiety contribute to alcohol use in young college students. Research The main goal in this researchShow MoreRelatedThe Effects of Stress, Alcohol Outcome Expectancies, Gender, Coping St1529 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effects of Stress, Alcohol Outcome Expectancies, Gender, Coping Styles, and Family Alcoholism on Alcohol Consumption Research Proposal by Josh Robbins 100-928-594 November 26, 1996 Economics 143 Abstract One large component of American popular culture today is alcohol. A common stereotype for the effects of alcohol is that as a drug it acts as a stress antagonist. This theory was introduced by Conger (1956) as the Tension Reduction Hypothesis (TRW)Read MoreThe Effects Of Alcohol Dependence On Being Absent From Work929 Words   |  4 PagesStress When looking at stress we look at how it will or will not relate to alcohol dependence. Many factors play a role in one’s life that can make for a very stressful time for someone. First one factor to look at is financial stress. According to (Peirce, Frone, Russell, Cooper, 1996) they found that chronic financial stress, the persistent inability to afford the basic necessities of life was positively related to anxiety and then the anxiety was related to drinking to cope. Cope can be definedRead MoreDna Methylation And Its Effects On The Growth Of The Central Nervous System955 Words   |  4 PagesDNA methylation may manifest in adults as an increased response to stress.4 With methylation and the reduction in neurotransmitter pathways hormones are released in lower amounts leading to the elevated stress response.4 On studies done on adult rats, these effects were able to be reversed with histone deacetylase inhibitors allowing the DNA to remain in a transcriptionally active s tate.4 Adults exposed to binge drinking during fetal development also show an increase in substance dependence and personalityRead MoreThe Effects Of Alcohol On College Students Essay1312 Words   |  6 PagesAlcohol is one of the most popularly used substances in America (Fuertes Hoffman, 2016). Amongst all who consume alcohol, college students ages 18 to 24, have proven to consume more alcohol than any other age or group (Koyama Belli, 2011). Ruberman (2014) explained that college students between the ages of 18 to 24 are experiencing a time in life when mental illness levels are high. College students are also enduring higher levels of stress than normal that stem from social pressures and newRead MoreAlcohol Consumption Among Athletes and Non-Athletes Essay1395 Words   |  6 PagesAlcohol Consumption Among Athletes and Non-Athletes On college campuses, the consumption of alcohol amongst undergraduate college students continues to be a maladaptive college health behavior. The recreational use of alcohol effects the student population and the health of the students who excessively drink alcohol. The issue caused many research studies to focus on the effect of alcohol consumption based on being an athlete and non-athlete. This study is important because it provides college campusesRead MoreCauses And Effects Of Alcoholism1194 Words   |  5 PagesCause and effects of Alcoholism Alcoholism has become prevalent throughout time in History. This affliction has brought about several negative effects to the users as well as America’s society in general. Such effects include brain damage or organ failure, separation from family and eventually death. It is not easy to tell if a person abuses alcohol until much later. Alcohol abuse calls for total attention because of the violence-related risks it symbolizes in society. Despite alcohol’s acute harmfulRead MoreExamination Of Drinking Habits And Motives Of Collegiate Student-1378 Words   |  6 Pagescollegiate athletes tend to consume more alcohol than nonathletic students. Taylor, Ward, and Hardin say that â€Å"the frequency of annual alcohol consumption by collegiate student-athletes is 80%, compared to 60% of nonathletic students who report consuming alcohol.† Taylor, Ward, and Hardin concluded that the students who participated in collegiate athletics are typically more likely participate in other risky behaviors. The collegiate student-athletes have a lot of stress and concerns about different thingsRead MoreAlcohol Is The Drug Of Choice Among Youth1692 Words   |  7 Pagesto become addicted to alcohol and drugs? Or why is age of first use of alcohol is critically important? There are many questions raised on consumption of alcohol when it comes on drinking at early age. Alcohol often has a strong effect on people and throughout history, we have struggled to understand and manage the power of alcohol. However, we hardly think how much alcohol is too much for us, unless we get into any kind of trouble or shows some physical or mental effects on our health. Read MoreThe Dangers Of Alcoholism And Alcoholism1165 Words   |  5 Pagesdreadful condition. According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, results from several different studies they have conducted show that children from alcoholic families report higher levels of depression and anxiety. These same children also show more symptoms of stress than children from non-alcoholic families (Alcoholism). What these studies indicate is that if a child grows up in an atmosphere of constant alcohol consumption, the child has a higher likelihood of developing undesirableRead MoreThe Dangers of Using Teratogens 1019 Words   |  5 Pagesinterfering with the development of an embryo and fetus. The effects of teratogens vary depending on the type, for example Stress which is the brains response to stressors (certain life events), that one perceives as challenging or threatening. During the Stress response, hormones such as cortisol are released and it is these hormones that can at the chronic level have toxic effects. When a pregnant women is experiencing very high levels of stress for a prolonged period of time, the enzymes produced by

Essay about Etic vs. Emic Approaches in Anthropology

Adrian Simons-Wilson Working in the field as a cultural anthropologist requires participant observation, interviews, and observation. (Knight) The etic and emic-orientated styles are two different styles that applied anthropologists use in their field work. The etic-orientated approach is a perspective that in ethnography uses concepts and categories for the anthropologists culture to describe another culture. (Ferraro/Andretta) The emic-orientated approach is a viewpoint in ethnography that uses the concepts and categories that are relevant and meaningful to the culture under analysis (Ferraro/Andreatta). There has been much debate on whether the etic or emic-orientated techniques of research should be used in the field. Cultural†¦show more content†¦One will need to look to the humanities to understand the culture. This turn to the humanities is an emic technique used in the field. Emic-orientated investigations succeed because it engages applied anthropologists to live with and live like the people of the culture they are studying. It becomes a personal study under the emic practice. Being personally involved allows one to connect to the culture and why that culture thinks and performs a certain way. Emic-orientated research fails because it gets too personal with its subjects. This can cause one to stop looking at its subjects as research to be analyzed but as people, which they are, to just befriend and not critically think about. One may begin sympathizing with those within the culture and not be able to learn about the culture from an outsider’s point of view. It would be difficult from an emic view to understand why a family may be dehydrated if they are blaming their religious beliefs when they are in fact dehydrated because it has not rained for a month. Religion in this case would be an unreasonable rationale. You cannot understand a culture from just an etic approach; you need emic research methods as well in order to get accurate information to help you understand that culture. Etic and emic investigations both have their pros and cons, and together they compliment and support each other. The subsequent will look at readings that give examples of etic and emic studies. â€Å"Eating Christmas inShow MoreRelatedCultural Anthropology6441 Words   |  26 PagesAnthropology 1A03 Exam Review Week 7 Monday October 18-Thursday October 21 â€Å"Expressive Culture† (Miller Text Chapter 11) Expressive Culture October 18: Expressive Culture is: Behaviour and beliefs related to art, leisure, and play. - linked to other cultural domains such as: Exchange: pot latching art and dance, Bodily modification. Decorations, tattoos Religion: clothing, practices, etc. What is Art? Art is application of imagination, skill and style to matters movement, and soundRead MoreDimensionalizing Cultures. the Hofstede Model in Context11051 Words   |  45 Pagesindividuals are imagined as varying according to some bell curve; the variation between cultures is the shift of the bell curve when one moves from one society to the other. Most commonly the term culture is used for tribes or ethnic groups (in anthropology), for nations (in political science, sociology and management), and for organizations (in sociology and management). A relatively unexplored field is the culture of occupations (for instance, of engineers versus accountants, or of academics from

Oil And Gas Essay Example For Students

Oil And Gas Essay The economy is affected by many factors that determine if it is strong or weak. These factors have to do with buyers consuming goods and services and at whatrate they do this. Do the goods and services that are consumed by people createdwealth, jobs and a better overall economy for a country. Throughout history someeconomies have evolved faster and stronger than others. Policies that thegovernment places on industry, technology and the environment can all affect theprosperity of an economy. Of the factors that affect economic growth theindustry of Oil and gas is one that holds a stronghold in the worlds andAmericas economy today. When evaluating the economic growth factor of economyand specifically oil and gas on must consider the following questions: Whatrelationship does the factor have with the whole economy? How does thisfactor affect economic growth Is the factor a cause or effect of economicgrowth? what would the economy be like if there were significant problemswith this factor? What relation does a central bank have to this factor? Iwill answer each of t hese questions in respect to how economy is affected by oiland gas. The economy in the United States today is greatly affected by oil andgas. When there are large reserves and an increase of active drills in respectto oil, the economy seems to receive a boost. This is because prices for suchthings like gas and oil fall and people are able to consume more gas at a lowerprice. There is more supply and prices fall, therefore people save money on gasand can consume other items in the economy. People working in these industrieshave more job openings and more jobs filled, therefore creating a lowerunemployment rate and a higher national per capita income. The need forsubstitutes are not there so, consumers will consume oil and gas at a growingrate. Since, people use oil and gas for so many different things like heatingthere homes, driving their cars, and a variety of other sources, the overall GNPfor the consumer will rise. Economic growth is affected through significantfluctuations in in flation of oil and gas. If you look throughout history whenthere have been fluctuations in gas and oil prices you have vast fluctuations inthe economy of our country. The instability of this factor has cause governmentregulation to come into play in times of crisis. For example during themid-seventies we had the oil and gas shortage due to the Middle East cutting offsupply to Importers of their oil. By doing this, they caused a shortage in a lotof countries creating rising oil prices and high demand. Consumers could notrely on the oil prices to be stable, therefore they consumed less of otherproducts due to the inflation of gas prices and more of their dollar began to bespent on gas. Americans particularly started to come up with more efficientmeans of using and consuming gas over the past 25 years. Oil and gas is aresource that can be used up if not conserved properly. That is why OPEC wasformed, as well as organizations such as NAFTA to help regulate trade of thesecommodities and bring organization to a disorganized status. In addition,governments like the United States impose taxes on gas to regulated the pricesin order to ward off against supplies of oil affecting the nations economy. Thisonly works to an extent, in the early to mid-eighties one states economy livedand died by the supply of oil. That state was Texas. When Texass oil rigs beganto dry up, their economy went into a recession. Their reliance on the oil supplyas their main revenue producer caused a lot of people to lose their jobs anddemand and consumption for other products fell as well. This caused a spiralingeffect which caused people from all industries to lose their jobs. Texasseconomy suffered and so did parts of the American economy with High inflationand high debt which caused the economy to suffer. Increased regulation anddiversification of a countrys resources can stop this from being the case. .u1457b7f9c1d732d3792755c50202fc7e , .u1457b7f9c1d732d3792755c50202fc7e .postImageUrl , .u1457b7f9c1d732d3792755c50202fc7e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1457b7f9c1d732d3792755c50202fc7e , .u1457b7f9c1d732d3792755c50202fc7e:hover , .u1457b7f9c1d732d3792755c50202fc7e:visited , .u1457b7f9c1d732d3792755c50202fc7e:active { border:0!important; } .u1457b7f9c1d732d3792755c50202fc7e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1457b7f9c1d732d3792755c50202fc7e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1457b7f9c1d732d3792755c50202fc7e:active , .u1457b7f9c1d732d3792755c50202fc7e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1457b7f9c1d732d3792755c50202fc7e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1457b7f9c1d732d3792755c50202fc7e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1457b7f9c1d732d3792755c50202fc7e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1457b7f9c1d732d3792755c50202fc7e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1457b7f9c1d732d3792755c50202fc7e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1457b7f9c1d732d3792755c50202fc7e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1457b7f9c1d732d3792755c50202fc7e .u1457b7f9c1d732d3792755c50202fc7e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1457b7f9c1d732d3792755c50202fc7e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Sir Gawain And The Green Knight Essay Countries representing OPEC all live and die by the constant production of oil. While this factor is used to stimulate their countries economic growth, itshould be used to stimulate the building of a countrys infrastructure. Oil-richcountries should use the positive affect oil has had on their countries to buildstrong governments and consumer demand for other goods. This powerfulinfrastructure that could be built will give the economy stability and allow fora countrys GNP to grow in a slow, steady, and positive way. The building of astrong middle-class will allow for countrys to prosper for many years to come. Instead what has happened is that economies of these countries are in a state offlux. What I mean by this is that their economies are very unpredictable andunstable and their reliance on oil has made the disparity between the rich andthe poor a gap that becomes too large to overcome. One prime example of this isBrazil, Brazil has large reserves of oil in a very large country. Brazil is adeveloping nation and is very unstable when it comes to central governments. Inthe 70s and 80s Brazil made large amounts of oil from its reserves. Instead ofinvesting the money made (from exporting oil) into their countries future, theleaders of that country used the money to make themselves rich and left thecountry in political and economic disarray. The middle class of Brazil becamealmost non-existent and their seem to be but two classes in that country. Thoseclasses were the extremely rich and the extremely poor. The lack ofinfrastructure and consumer confidence in the economy due to the mishandlin g ofoil profits lead to many political assassinations and increased crime ratesthroughout the country. It has taken and will continue to take Brazil years andyears to recover from these economic crisiss , which all could have beenavoided had Brazils government invested in its future. It is definitely truethat an economy of a country can be vastly affected by the demand, consumption,and supply of oil. The affect that good supplies of oil has on a countryseconomy is one that can only be measured in the sense that it is inevitable thatthey will be affected. As long as we drive cars that are fueled by gas and weuse heat in the winter time, oil will always be a strong factor in determiningthe growth of a countries economy. In the United States, we have the stronginfrastructure to adapt to problems that the instability of both the supply anddemand of oil will cause. Countries need to look within themselves for managedgrowth in order to steady their economies if oil is what sparks their ec onomy. Astrong central bank and government will allow for funds to be invested insupporting the economy, the oil business, and consumerism. Once theinfrastructure is set the shear reliance on oil will not be a factor, becausethe countrys economy will be able to handle the affect. When the day comes thatoil wells ran dry and substitutes are needed the countries that will survivewill be the ones that have braced themselves for the effect that this will haveon their economy. Then these countries will adapt and overcome. Oil and gasshould be used as helper of a countrys economy and not the passion by which itis run. The production of great income for a country and a higher GNP that oilproduction is something that should be able to benefit them for many years tocome. If you look at the United States as a model you will see a country thathandles oil with precision. When the oil industry is in a downturn, thegovernment can step in and regulate taxes and stimulate investment by having thece ntral bank pump in funds that would not otherwise be used. When the oilindustry is doing fine, the government can sit back and reap the prosperity ofincreases in employment and a rise in demand for oil. The prices will be lowerfor gas and oil, which means consumption will be up and the economy will be uptoo. Countries around the world can learn how to handle oil to the extent thatit creates an agenda that the benefits far outweigh the costs. We know that oiland gas affects the economy and that it easily regulated by strong centralgovernment and bank. The infrastructure must be built up to manage growth. Theleaders of the country should be committed to the development of the oilindustry. Finally the consumers should be aware of how their role in theconsumption of oil will affect the economy as a whole. When all parties areaware and committed to the prosperity of their country and to the industry thenthe consumption, supply, demand, profits, losses, and investment towards oilwill be a mutually beneficial one for the country and its people. .ub998497852ba1b928a8a88b5c7a87edb , .ub998497852ba1b928a8a88b5c7a87edb .postImageUrl , .ub998497852ba1b928a8a88b5c7a87edb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub998497852ba1b928a8a88b5c7a87edb , .ub998497852ba1b928a8a88b5c7a87edb:hover , .ub998497852ba1b928a8a88b5c7a87edb:visited , .ub998497852ba1b928a8a88b5c7a87edb:active { border:0!important; } .ub998497852ba1b928a8a88b5c7a87edb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub998497852ba1b928a8a88b5c7a87edb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub998497852ba1b928a8a88b5c7a87edb:active , .ub998497852ba1b928a8a88b5c7a87edb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub998497852ba1b928a8a88b5c7a87edb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub998497852ba1b928a8a88b5c7a87edb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub998497852ba1b928a8a88b5c7a87edb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub998497852ba1b928a8a88b5c7a87edb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub998497852ba1b928a8a88b5c7a87edb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub998497852ba1b928a8a88b5c7a87edb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub998497852ba1b928a8a88b5c7a87edb .ub998497852ba1b928a8a88b5c7a87edb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub998497852ba1b928a8a88b5c7a87edb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Enlightenment EssayEconomics